Presentations

Rama Bansil

<ul> <li>INVITED TALK: 11th Fed. European Biochemical Society Meeting, Copenhagen, August 1977.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: Gordon Conference on Ion Containing Polymers, July 1979.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: International Conference on New Frontiers in Polymer Science and Polymer Technology, Madras [INDIA], January 1980.</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Conference on Associated Liquids and Structure of Water, Pisa [ITALY], March 1982.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: Gordon Conference on Liquid Water and Aqueous Solutions, August 1982.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: VIIIth International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy, Bordeaux [FRANCE], September 1982.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED PAPER: Institute of Theoretical Physics (Workshop on Dynamics of Polymers), Santa Barbara, December 1982.</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Workshop on Scaling Phenomena in Disorderly Growth Process, Exxon Research Laboratories, Princeton, N.J. September 1983</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Gordon Conference on ``Water and Aqueous Solutions" New London, NH, August 4-8, 1986.</li> <li>SEMINAR: April 1974 (University of Oregon, Eugene), ``Cooperativity in Hemoglobin.''</li> <li>SEMINAR: October 1975 (Harvard Univ., Division of Engineering and Applied Science), ``Kinetics of hemoglobin.''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: October 1976 (Boston University, joint colloquium with H. E. Stanley and K. J. Rothschild), ``Some problems in biological physics.''</li> <li>SEMINAR: August 1976 (All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, India),``Cooperativity in biological systems.''</li> <li>SEMINAR: October 1977 (Solid State Seminar, Boston University),``Raman spectroscopy: A structural probe of polysaccharides.''</li> <li>SEMINAR: May 1980 (Shriners Burns Institute, Mass. General Hospital),``Raman spectroscopy of biological molecules.''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: November 1981 (Northeastern University, Boston),``Phase transitions in biological membranes.''</li> <li>SEMINAR: August 1982 (Helsinki University, Finland),``Raman spectroscopy and structure of water.''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: March 1983 (Boston University, Physics Colloquium),``Physics of gels.''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: April 1983 (Clark University, Worcester, Mass.),``Physics of gels.''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: December 1985 (Delhi University, Delhi, India),``Gelation kinetics and phase transition.''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: December 1985 (Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India),``Physics of gels.''</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: June 1986 (Quasielastic Light Scattering Conference, Worcester Polytechnic Institute) ``Movement of Particles in Gels.''</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: March 1988 (Static and Dynamic Light Scattering Conference, Kiel, W. Germany), ``Probe Diffusion in Gels.''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: December 1988 (National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, India),``Diffusion in gels.''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: January 1990 (Northeastern Univ., Boston MA),``Diffusion in gels''</li> <li>SEMINAR: February 1990 (Exxon Research and Engineering, Annandale. N.J.), ``Spinodal decomposition kinetics in polymer solutions and gels''</li> <li>SEMINAR: March 1990 (UCLA, Chemical Physics Seminar),``Spinodal Decomposition in polymer solutions''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: May 1990 (Univ. of Lowell, Lowell, Mass), ``Diffusion in gels''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: August 1990 (Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi , India), ``Physics of polymer gels''</li> <li>SEMINAR: December 1990 (National Institute of Standards Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland) ``Spinodal decomposition in polymer solutions''</li> <li>INVITED TALK: December 1991 (Holy Cross College) ``Careers in Medicine and Biology for Physical Science Majors''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: April 1992 (Northeastern Univ., Boston MA),``Phase separation kinetics in polymers and gels''</li> <li>INVITED TALK: July 1992 (Workshop on Complex Liquid Systems, Polistena, Italy) ``Kinetics of Phase Separation in Polymer Gels''</li> <li>INVITED TALK: July 1992 (34th IUPAC International Symposium on Macromolecules, MACRO 92, Prague, Czechoslovakia, July1992) ``Diffusion of Polymers in Gels''</li> <li>SEMINAR: October 1992 (Univ. of Mass., Amherst) ``Kinetics of Phase Separation in Polymers''</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Symposium on Static and Dynamic Light Scattering in Medicine and Biology. SPIE Meeting on Biomedical Optics. Los Angeles, Calif. Jan. 1993. ``Dynamic Light Scattering Studies of Mucin''</li> <li>INVITED MAIN LECTURE: 33rd Microsymposium on Optics and Dynamics of Polymers, PRAGUE, Czechoslovakia, July 1993.``Kinetics of Spinodal Decomosition in Polymer Solutions and Gels''</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: Les Houches Conference on Soft Order in Physical Systems,Les-Houches, France, Feb. 1993. ``The Revealing of Heterogeneities by Free Linear Chains in a Network''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Bunting Institute, Radcliffe College, Dec. 1993.``Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself?''</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Physics Dept., Brandeis University, Jan. 1994.``Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself and what Does This Have to do With Gels?''</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Gordon Conference on Macromolecular and Polyelectrolyte Solutions, Oxnard Calif., Feb. 1994 ``The Aggregation and Gelation of Mucin''</li> <li>INVITED TALK: First International Conference on Scaling Concepts and Complex Fluids, Catanzaro, Italy July 1994 "Mucin: Aggregation and Colloidal Interactions Relevant to some Biomedical Problems"</li> <li>INVITED LECTURE: Chemistry Dept. Undergraduate Seminars, Boston University, Dec. 1994 "Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Physics Dept., Univ. of Vermont, March 1995."Kinetics of Phase Transitions in polymers"</li> <li>SEMINAR: Millipore Corp., March 1995. "The physics of making polymer membranes"</li> <li>PUBLIC LECTURE: Sigma Xi, Univ. of New Mexico, April 1995. "Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself"</li> <li>PUBLIC LECTURE: Sigma Xi, State Univ. of New York at Oswego, April1995."Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself"</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Colloid and Interface Science: Trends and Applications, Puerto Rico, May 1995. "Kinetics of phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>INVITED TALK: 36th Microsymposium: High Swelling Gels, Prague, Czech Republic, July 1995. "Gelation and Aggregation of Mucin in Relation to the Stomach Protective Barrier"</li> <li>SEMINAR: Univ. of Graz, Austria, July 1995. "Kinetics of phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, August 1995."Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, August 1995."Kinetics of phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan, August 1995."Kinetics of phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>SEMINAR: Univ. of Nagoya, Nagoya, Japan, August 1995."Kinetics of phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Aoyama-Gakuin Univ., Tokyo, Japan, August 1995."Kinetics of phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Clark University, Mass., October 1995."Kinetics of Phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>SEMINAR: University of Pittsburgh, November 1995."Kinetics of Phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>PUBLIC LECTURE: Sigma Xi, Carnegie Mellon University, November 1995. "Gels--from Jello to Gelcaps"</li> <li>SEMINAR: Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, December 1995. "Kinetics of Phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: Gordon Conference on Colloids, Polyelectrolytes and Macromolecular Solutions, Ventura, Calif. Feb. 1996.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED PAPER: Annual Meeting of Biophysical Soc., Baltimore, Md. Feb. 1996. " Depolarized Dynamic Light Scattering Study of Mucin"</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED PAPER: American Physical Society Meeting, St. Louis,March 1996."Light Scattering Studies of Spinodal Decomposition Kinetics in NIPA gels".</li> <li>Sigma Xi LECTURE: NewYork State Experimental Agricultural Station and Hobart and Smith Colleges, May 1996."Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself"</li> <li>SEMINAR: Eastman Kodak Research Labs, Rochester, NY, May 1996."Kinetics of phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED PAPER: American Gastroentrological Assoc. Annual Meeting, San Francisco, May 1996. "Effect of Gallbladder Mucin and Polymer Solutions on Lipid Vesicle Diffusion"</li> <li>INVITED LECTURE: International Summer School in Physics 'Enrico Fermi' Varenna, Italy, July1996."Spinodal Decomposition in Polymer Gels"</li> <li>INVITED LECTURE: Physics Dept. Univ. of Milano, Italy, July 1996 "Spinodal Decomposition in Polymer Gels"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: University of Mass. at Lowell, September 1996."Kinetics of Phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Mass., October 1996. "Kinetics of Phase transitions in polymer gels"</li> <li>Sigma Xi LECTURE: Uniroyal Chemical Company,Oct. 1996."Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself"</li> <li>Sigma Xi LECTURE: William Paterson College, Dec. 1996."Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself"</li> <li>Sigma Xi LECTURE: Gustavus Adolphus College, March 1997."Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself"</li> <li>Sigma Xi LECTURE: Quinnipiac College, April1997."Why the Stomach Doesn't Digest Itself"</li> <li>INVITED LECTURE: International workshop in Phase Transitions in Complex Systems, Messina, Italy, July 1997."Kinetics of Phase Separation in MultiblockCopolymer Solutions"</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Third International Discussion Meeting on Relaxations in Complex Systems, Vigo, Spain July 1997. " A model for Gelation and Aggregation of Mucin based on polarized and Depolarized Dynamic Light Scattering"</li> <li>INVITED LECTURE: Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, Madrid, Spain. July 1997. "Kinetics of Phase transitions in Gels"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Pharmacia Dept., Complutense Univ., Madrid, Spain July 1997."Why the stomach doesn't digest itself?"</li> <li>INVITED LECTURE: Summer Workshop on Biophysics and Polymers, Rowland Inst. of Science, Cambridge, Ma. Aug. 1997. "Fundamentals and applications of light scattering in polymers"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Physics Dept., Univ. of Pennsylvania, PA. Nov.1997. "A Physicist's view of how the stomach doesn't digest itself"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Physics Dept., Amherst College, Amherst MA. Feb.1998. "A Physicist's view of how the stomach doesn't digest itself"</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Physics Dept., University of Prince Edward Island, Prince Edward island, Canada. Mar. 1998. "A Physicist's view of how the stomach doesn't digest itself"</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Symposium on Nonequilibrium Phenomena in Colloids, American Chemical Society National Meeting, Dallas, Texas, March 1998. "Kinetics of spinodal decomposition in Gels"</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED PAPER: G. Liao, R. Bansil, A. Xenopoulos, "Transition Between Nucleation and Spinodal Decomposition Mechanisms in a Membrane-forming Polymer Solution" American Physical Soc., Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 43, 67 (1998).</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: X. Cao, R. Bansil , K. R. Bhaskar, B. S. Turner, J. T. LaMont, N. H. Afdhal, "pH dependent conformational changes of mucins: why the stomach has a gel and the gallbladder does not." Gastroenterology 1998:114; 84A. Selected for the Presidents' Plenary Poster Session.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: 79th Statistical Mechanics Meeting, Rutgers, N.J., May 1998. "Kinetics of Spinodal Decomposition in Gels"</li> <li>INVITED LECTURE: Summer Workshop for High School Teachers, Institute for Science Instruction and Study (ISIS), Southern Conn. State Univ., New Haven, Conn. July 1998.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Centennial Meeting, Atlanta. March 1999. “Pattern Formation in the Drying of Gels”</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Centennial Meeting, Atlanta. March 1999. “ Concentration Dependence of Dynamics of Triblock Copolymer Solutions in a Selective Solvent”<br />CONTRIBUTED TALK: 4th Liquid Matter Conference, Granada Spain, July 1999 “ Pattern Formation in the Drying of Gels”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: NATO Advanced Study Institute, Structure and Dynamics Of Polymer and Colloidal Systems, Sep. 1999.</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Physics Dept., Dartmouth College, “Kinetics of Phase Separation in Polymer Gels” Oct. 1999.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: MRS Meeting, Symposium on Complex Fluids, Boston, Dec. 1999.</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Physics Dept., Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. Feb. 2000.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: American Physical Society Centennial Meeting, Minneapolis, March 2000.</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Chemistry Dept., University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, “Biophysics of why the stomach doesn’t digest itself” April 2000.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: Gordon Research Conference on Polymer Physics, Conn. College, July 2000.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: Biophysical Society Meeting, Boston, Feb. 2001 “Atomic Force Microscopy of gastric mucin”</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Seattle, March 2001 “Kinetics of transitions in multiblock copolymers in selective solvents”.</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: American Physical Society Meeting, Seattle, March 2001 “Atomic Force Microscopy of gastric mucin”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Rutgers Statistical Mechanics Meeting, May 2001, “The biophysics of mucin and why the stomach doesn’t digest itself”</li> <li>INVITED LECTURE: Squishy Physics Seminar Series, Harvard University, July 2001, “The biophysics of mucin and why the stomach doesn’t digest itself”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: 20th Discussion Conference, Scattering Methods for the investigation of polymers, Prague, Czech Republic July 2001 “Kinetics of order-disorder transitions in multiblock copolymers”</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Leeds, U.K., July 2001 “The biophysics of mucin and why the stomach doesn’t digest itself”</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Indianapolis. March 2002. “Structure and of Dynamics of Pentablock Copolymer Solutions in a Selective Solvent”</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Indianapolis. March 2002. “Small Angle Neutron Scattering Studies of Mucin”</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTERS: Gordon Research Conference on Polymer Physics, Salve Regina University, Rhode Island. August 2002</li> <li>INVITED TALK: India and Abroad: Condensed matter Physics Workshop, Calcutta, Jan. 2003 “Gelation of mucin”</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Mat. Sci. Institute, Madras, India “Gelation of Mucin” Jan. 2003</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Dept. of Atomic Energy Reactor Center, Kalpakkam, India “Phase Transitions in Block Copolymers” Jan. 2003</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Workshop on Polymer Rheology, Univ. of Mass., Amherst, MA, “Why the Stomach Doesn’t Digest Itself: A New Look at an Old Problem” May 2003</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Institute of Physics Workshop on Biopolymers, London, August 2003 “Structure of mucin glycoprotein”</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Austin, Texas. March 2003. “Association Behavior of Heptablock Copolymers in Selective Solvents” Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 48, 162 (2003)</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Austin, Texas. March 2003. “Small Angle light scattering and microscopy study of agarose gels in an electric field” Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 48, 870 (2003).</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Austin, Texas. March 2003. “Kinetics of Order-Order Transition OF Triblock Copolymer Micelles in a Selective Solvent for the Middle Block” Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 48, 1073 (2003).</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED POSTER: Gordon Research Conference on Polyelectrolyte and Macromolecular Solutions, “Kinetics of Order-Order Transition OF Triblock Copolymer Micelles in a Selective Solvent for the Middle Block” Ventura, CA. Feb. 2004</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Montreal, Canada. March 2004. “Kinetics of HEX-BCC Transitions in Triblock Copolymer Solution in Selective Solvent for the Middle Block” Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 49, 501 (2004).</li> <li>INVITED LECTURE: Marblehead High School. April 2004. Why the stomach doesn’t digest itself?</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: STATPHYS Meeting IUPAP, Bangalore, India. July 2004. “Kinetics of HEX-BCC Transitions in Triblock Copolymer Solution in Selective Solvent for the Middle Block”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India. July 2004. “Kinetics of HEX-BCC Transitions in Triblock Copolymer Solution in Selective Solvent for the Middle Block”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India. July 2004. “Kinetics of HEX-BCC Transitions in Triblock Copolymer Solution in Selective Solvent for the Middle Block”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Tata Institute for Fundamental Resarch, Mumbai, India. July 2004. “Why the stomach doesn’t digest itself?”</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: Materials Research Society, Fall Meeting, Boston, Dec. 2004. "Multi-Block Copolymers in Selective Solvent: A Brownian Dynamics Simulation" in Symposium BB Multicomponent Polymer Systems—Phase Behavior, Dynamics and Applications"</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Delivery of Functionality in Complex Food Systems, NESTLE, Lausanne, Switzerland, Jan. 2005 “ A Biophysical Answer to the Puzzle of why the Stomach Doesn’t Digest Itself”</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Los Angeles, CA. March 2005. "Brownian Dynamics Simulation of Multiblock Copolymers in Selective Solvents," Yongsheng Liu, Huifen Nie, Rama Bansil, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. (2005).</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Los Angeles, CA. March 2005. " Kinetics of BCC-FCC Transition in SI Diblock Copolymer Micelles in a Selective Solvent” Rama Bansil, Yongsheng Liu, Huifen Nie, Milos Steinhart, Joona Bang, Timothy P. Lodge, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. (2005).</li> <li>INVITED TALK: 44th Microsymposium Prague Meetings on Macromolecules: Polymer Gels and Networks, Prague, Czech Republic: 10-14 July 2005 “Effect of electrophoretic ion migration on the structure of agarose gels”.</li> <li>INVITED TALK: New England Section APS and AAPT Meeting, Burlington Vermont. Oct. 2005 “Gelation : How Does it Prevent the Stomach From Digesting Itself”</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Dept. of Physics, University of Memphis, Nov. 2005 “Gelation : How Does it Prevent the Stomach From Digesting Itself”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Materials Research Society Fall Meeting, Symposium on Biomimetic Polymers and Gels, Nov. 28-Dec. 1, 2005 “pH dependent Gelation of Gastric Mucin”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Condensed Matter Seminar, Dept. of Physics, Brown University, Mar. 2006 “Gelation : How Does it Prevent the Stomach From Digesting Itself”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Seminar, Laboratory for Integrative and Molecular Biophysics, NICHD, NIH May. 2006 “Gelation of Mucin and Its Impact on H. pylori Motility”</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Baltimore, MD. March 2006. " Kinetics of Transition between HEX and Lamellar Phases in a triblock copolymer solution in a selective solvent” Yongsheng Liu, Rama Bansil, Milos Steinhart, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. (2006).</li> <li>CONTRIBUTED TALK: American Physical Society Meeting, Baltimore, MD. March 2006. " “Kinetics of HEX-BCC Transition of Cylinders to Spheres: Comparison of Time-resolved SAXS data with a Model of Coupled Anisotropic Fluctuations” Rama Bansil, Minghai Li, Milos Steinhart, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. (2006).</li> <li>INVITED TALK: 45th Microsymposium Prague Meetings on Macromolecules: Structure and Dynamics of Self-organized Macromolecular Systems: Prague, Czech Republic: 9-13 July 2006 “Kinetics of Order-Order Transitions between Cylinders, Spheres and Lamella: Comparison of Time-resolved SAXS data with a Model of Coupled Anisotropic Fluctuations ”.</li> <li>INVITED TALK: XV International Materials Research Congress, Symposium 10: “New Trends in Polymer Chemistry and Characterization”. Cancun, Mexico, Aug. 20-24, 2006 “Kinetics Of Order-Order Transitions Between Lamellar And Cylindrical Phases In Block Copolymers In Selective Solvents”.</li> <li>SEMINAR: Condensed Matter Seminar, Boston University, Oct. 2006.” Kinetics of Order-Order Phase Transitions Between Sheets, Cylinders and Spheres in Block Copolymers”</li> <li>DISTINGUISHED SCIENCE LECTURE: Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT. Nov. 6, 2006 “Gelation : How Does it Prevent the Stomach From Digesting Itself”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: Pan American Scientific Institute (PASI) : From Disordered systems to complex systems. Mar Del Plata, Argentina, Dec. 2006. “Mucin Gels and Motility of the Ulcer Causing Bacterium, H. Pylori”</li> <li>COLLOQUIUM: Dept. of Physics, University of Mass., Lowell, MA Mar. 2007 “Gelation : How Does it Prevent the Stomach From Digesting Itself”</li> <li>INVITED TALK: National Science Foundation, Div. of Materials Research, Arlington, VA. May 2007, “My Vision of Research in Materials”</li> <li>INVITED SEMINAR: Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Complex Systems (CIRCS), Northeastern University, Boston, MA. Dec. 2007. “Biophysics of Mucin Gels”</li> <li>INVITED SEMINAR: Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical and Biology, Renesselaer Polytechnic Institute, Feb. 2008. "Gelation of Mucin--A mechanism for protecting the stomach from digesting itself"</li> <li>INVITED PLENARY TALK: Food Colloids 2008 Le Mans, France April 2008. “Gelation of Mucin-- Protecting the stomach from digesting itself"</li> </ul>